{"id":38290,"date":"2020-11-08T14:51:19","date_gmt":"2020-11-08T14:51:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iissonline.net\/2026\/?p=38290"},"modified":"2020-11-08T14:51:19","modified_gmt":"2020-11-08T14:51:19","slug":"private-military-and-security-companies-corporate-structure-and-levels-of-violence-in-iraq","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iissonline.net\/2026\/private-military-and-security-companies-corporate-structure-and-levels-of-violence-in-iraq\/","title":{"rendered":"Private military and security companies, corporate structure, and levels of violence in Iraq"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Journal International Interactions Empirical and Theoretical Research in International Relations Volume 46, 2020 &#8211; Issue 4 Submit an article Journal homepage Full Article Private military and security companies, corporate structure, and&hellip;<\/p>\n<p>You must be logged in to view this content.<\/p>\n<h3>Click here to <a href=\"\/register\">register<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Journal International Interactions Empirical and Theoretical Research in International Relations Volume 46, 2020 &#8211; Issue 4 Submit an article Journal homepage Full Article Private military and security companies, corporate structure, and&hellip; You must be logged in to view this content. &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/iissonline.net\/2026\/private-military-and-security-companies-corporate-structure-and-levels-of-violence-in-iraq\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":131481,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5,24],"tags":[105,122],"class_list":["post-38290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-academic","category-iraq","tag-academic","tag-iraq"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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